This video covers the basics of refutation in competitive debate. The advice here is aimed at IPDA, Parli, and NFA-LD style debate, but may also be useful for other formats. Works Referenced and Remixed Bellon, J., & Williams, A. S. (2008). The Policy Debate Manual: A comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of competitive debate (version 2.1). Georgia State University. https://www.scribd.com/document/409095204/debate-manual-pdf Briscoe, S. F. (2016). Cross-Examination. In Policy Debate: A Guide for High School and College Debaters (1st edition, pp. 143–147). Southern Illinois University Press. Brokos, A. (2007). Policy Debate: An Introduction for Urban Debate League Students and Coaches (E. Tucker & L. Lynn, Eds.). National Association For Urban Debate Leagues. https://web.archive.org/web/20171214221056/http://www.stlouisurbandebate.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/PolicyDebateManual.training.pdf McCarthy, N. (2019, April 15). The Countries Polluting The Oceans The Most. Statista Infographics. https://www.statista.com/chart/12211/the-countries-polluting-the-oceans-the-most/ Reiner, R. (1992, December 11). A Few Good Men [Drama, Thriller]. Columbia Pictures, Castle Rock Entertainment, David Brown Productions. writingarguments.com. (n.d.). Argumentation and debate: An introduction. Retrieved January 1, 2020, from http://www.writingarguments.com/special-argumentation-and-debate.html A Few Good Men is used under fair use to demonstate an educational concept. A ll rights belong to Columbia Pictures 1992.